Biofuels for Transportation, 6 credits

Biofuels for Transportation, 6 hp

TKMJ31

Main field of study

Energy and Environmental Engineering Mechanical Engineering

Course level

Second cycle

Course type

Programme course

Examiner

Roozbeh Feiz

Director of studies or equivalent

Carina Sundberg

Education components

Preliminary scheduled hours: 92 h
Recommended self-study hours: 68 h
ECV = Elective / Compulsory / Voluntary
Course offered for Semester Period Timetable module Language Campus ECV
6CKEB Chemical Biology, Master of Science in Engineering (Industrial biotechnology and Production) 7 (Autumn 2021) 1 1 English Linköping, Valla E
6CDPU Design and Product Development, Master of Science in Engineering 7 (Autumn 2021) 1 1 English Linköping, Valla E
6CEMM Energy - Environment - Management, M Sc in Engineering 9 (Autumn 2021) 1 1 English Linköping, Valla E
6CEMM Energy - Environment - Management, M Sc in Engineering (Sustainable Business Development) 9 (Autumn 2021) 1 1 English Linköping, Valla E
6CEMM Energy - Environment - Management, M Sc in Engineering (Technology for Sustainable Development) 9 (Autumn 2021) 1 1 English Linköping, Valla E
6CTBI Engineering Biology, Master of Science in Engineering (Industrial biotechnology and production) 7 (Autumn 2021) 1 1 English Linköping, Valla E
6CIEI Industrial Engineering and Management - International, M Sc in Engineering - Chinese 9 (Autumn 2021) 1 1 English Linköping, Valla E
6CIEI Industrial Engineering and Management - International, M Sc in Engineering - Chinese (Specialization Energy Engineering) 9 (Autumn 2021) 1 1 English Linköping, Valla E
6CIEI Industrial Engineering and Management - International, M Sc in Engineering - French 9 (Autumn 2021) 1 1 English Linköping, Valla E
6CIEI Industrial Engineering and Management - International, M Sc in Engineering - French (Specialization Energy Engineering) 9 (Autumn 2021) 1 1 English Linköping, Valla E
6CIEI Industrial Engineering and Management - International, M Sc in Engineering - German 9 (Autumn 2021) 1 1 English Linköping, Valla E
6CIEI Industrial Engineering and Management - International, M Sc in Engineering - German (Specialization Energy Engineering) 9 (Autumn 2021) 1 1 English Linköping, Valla E
6CIEI Industrial Engineering and Management - International, M Sc in Engineering - Japanese 9 (Autumn 2021) 1 1 English Linköping, Valla E
6CIEI Industrial Engineering and Management - International, M Sc in Engineering - Japanese (Specialization Energy Engineering) 9 (Autumn 2021) 1 1 English Linköping, Valla E
6CIEI Industrial Engineering and Management - International, M Sc in Engineering - Spanish 9 (Autumn 2021) 1 1 English Linköping, Valla E
6CIEI Industrial Engineering and Management - International, M Sc in Engineering - Spanish (Specialization Energy Engineering) 9 (Autumn 2021) 1 1 English Linköping, Valla E
6CIEI Industrial Engineering and Management - International, Master of Science in Engineering, Chinese 7 (Autumn 2021) 1 1 English Linköping, Valla E
6CIEI Industrial Engineering and Management - International, Master of Science in Engineering, Chinese (Specialization Biotechnical Engineering) 7 (Autumn 2021) 1 1 English Linköping, Valla E
6CIEI Industrial Engineering and Management - International, Master of Science in Engineering, French 7 (Autumn 2021) 1 1 English Linköping, Valla E
6CIEI Industrial Engineering and Management - International, Master of Science in Engineering, French (Specialization Biotechnical Engineering) 7 (Autumn 2021) 1 1 English Linköping, Valla E
6CIEI Industrial Engineering and Management - International, Master of Science in Engineering, German 7 (Autumn 2021) 1 1 English Linköping, Valla E
6CIEI Industrial Engineering and Management - International, Master of Science in Engineering, German (Specialization Biotechnical Engineering) 7 (Autumn 2021) 1 1 English Linköping, Valla E
6CIEI Industrial Engineering and Management - International, Master of Science in Engineering, Japanese 7 (Autumn 2021) 1 1 English Linköping, Valla E
6CIEI Industrial Engineering and Management - International, Master of Science in Engineering, Japanese (Specialization Biotechnical Engineering) 7 (Autumn 2021) 1 1 English Linköping, Valla E
6CIEI Industrial Engineering and Management - International, Master of Science in Engineering, Spanish 7 (Autumn 2021) 1 1 English Linköping, Valla E
6CIEI Industrial Engineering and Management - International, Master of Science in Engineering, Spanish (Specialization Biotechnical Engineering) 7 (Autumn 2021) 1 1 English Linköping, Valla E
6CIII Industrial Engineering and Management, M Sc in Engineering 9 (Autumn 2021) 1 1 English Linköping, Valla E
6CIII Industrial Engineering and Management, M Sc in Engineering (Energy Engineering Specialization) 9 (Autumn 2021) 1 1 English Linköping, Valla E
6CIII Industrial Engineering and Management, Master of Science in Engineering 7 (Autumn 2021) 1 1 English Linköping, Valla E
6CIII Industrial Engineering and Management, Master of Science in Engineering (Biotechnical Engineering Specialization) 7 (Autumn 2021) 1 1 English Linköping, Valla E
6CMMM Mechanical Engineering, Master of Science in Engineering 7 (Autumn 2021) 1 1 English Linköping, Valla E
6CMMM Mechanical Engineering, Master of Science in Engineering (Energy and Environmental Engineering) 7 (Autumn 2021) 1 1 English Linköping, Valla E
6MMEC Mechanical Engineering, Master's Programme 3 (Autumn 2021) 1 1 English Linköping, Valla E
6MSUS Sustainability Engineering and Management, Master's Programme 3 (Autumn 2021) 1 1 English Linköping, Valla E

Main field of study

Energy and Environmental Engineering, Mechanical Engineering

Course level

Second cycle

Advancement level

A1N

Course offered for

  • Master's Programme in Mechanical Engineering
  • Master's Programme in Sustainability Engineering and Management
  • Master of Science in Design and Product Development
  • Master of Science in Industrial Engineering and Management - International
  • Master of Science in Industrial Engineering and Management
  • Master of Science in Chemical Biology
  • Master of Science in Mechanical Engineering
  • Master of Science in Engineering Biology
  • Energy - Environment - Management, M Sc in Engineering
  • Industrial Engineering and Management - International, M Sc in Engineering
  • Industrial Engineering and Management, M Sc in Engineering

Specific information

The course is not available for exchange students

Prerequisites

Courses: Large Technical Systems and Environment, Environmental Technology or equivalent.

Intended learning outcomes

Through this course, “Biofuels for Transportation”, students will learn about the characteristics of and challenges for the production and use of biofuels. The course will review the raw materials, production processes, application in vehicles, environmental impacts and the perspectives of different actors on the sustainability of biofuels. Upon completion of the course, students will be: 

  • Aware of how established and emerging biofuels are produced and used;
  • Able to evaluate environmental impacts from material and energy flows in the life-cycle of biofuels;
  • Aware of the required technologies, infrastructures, and contextual factors for the use of biofuels;
  • Acquainted with the perspectives of different actors and contexts for sustainable production and use of biofuels;
  • Able to reflect upon how cooperation between different actors can lead to higher resource efficiency; for example through better integration of material and energy flows;
  • Acquainted with business dimensions related to biofuel production

Course content

The course will consist of many aspects concerning biofuels production, development, and use. The content is diverse and relies on the theoretical and practical experience of experts from both the academia and the industry. Through lectures, seminars, study visits, and practical assignments students will learn more about:

  • Feedstocks for biofuel production
  • Production processes for biofuels
  • Vehicles and infrastructural requirements for biofuels
  • Environmental, economic and social aspects related to biofuel production and use
  • Drivers and conditions for biofuel development and markets

 

Teaching and working methods

The course consists of the following components:

  • Lectures
  • Guest lectures from industry and other research institutions
  • Study visits to biofuel production facilities
  • Practical exercises and project work
  • Take home examination

 

Examination

PRA1Approved project assignments and approved seminars3 creditsU, G
UPG1At-home examination3 creditsU, 3, 4, 5

Grades

Four-grade scale, LiU, U, 3, 4, 5

Other information

Supplementary courses: Industrial Ecology, Management Systems and Sustainability, Resource Efficient Products and Enviromental Systems Analysis - Project Course.

About teaching and examination language

The teaching language is presented in the Overview tab for each course. The examination language relates to the teaching language as follows: 

  • If teaching language is Swedish, the course as a whole or in large parts, is taught in Swedish. Please note that although teaching language is Swedish, parts of the course could be given in English. Examination language is Swedish. 
  • If teaching language is Swedish/English, the course as a whole will be taught in English if students without prior knowledge of the Swedish language participate. Examination language is Swedish or English (depending on teaching language). 
  • If teaching language is English, the course as a whole is taught in English. Examination language is English. 

Other

The course is conducted in a manner where both men's and women's experience and knowledge are made visible and developed. 

The planning and implementation of a course should correspond to the course syllabus. The course evaluation should therefore be conducted with the course syllabus as a starting point.  

Department

Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling

Director of Studies or equivalent

Carina Sundberg

Examiner

Roozbeh Feiz

Course website and other links

Education components

Preliminary scheduled hours: 92 h
Recommended self-study hours: 68 h

Course literature

Books

  • (2004) Biofuels for Transport. An International Perspective Paris : OECD Publishing, 2004.
    ISBN: 9789264015135
    This book is published in 2004, so some of the information may be outdated. However, it contains useful information about the technical basics of biofuel production from several types of biomass (particularly chapter 2).
    https://www.cti2000.it/Bionett/All-2004-004%20IEA%20biofuels%20report.pdf
  • Dominik Rutz & Rainer Janssen, (2008) Biofuel Technology Handbook
    http://www.isibang.ac.in/~library/onlinerz/resources/Biofuel_Technology_Handbook_version2_D5.pdf
  • European Commission, (2015) The impact of biofuels on transport and the environment, and their connection with agricultural development in Europe
    ISBN: 9789282363294
    The book is ordered by European Commission and provides an overview of biofuels production and consumption and of related policies worldwide. It also contains analysis and discussion of key aspects affecting the overall sustainability of biofuels; including their impact on agricultural markets, emissions from indirect land-use change, and greenhouse gas emissions.
    http://dx.doi.org/10.2861/775
Code Name Scope Grading scale
PRA1 Approved project assignments and approved seminars 3 credits U, G
UPG1 At-home examination 3 credits U, 3, 4, 5

Course syllabus

A syllabus must be established for each course. The syllabus specifies the aim and contents of the course, and the prior knowledge that a student must have in order to be able to benefit from the course.

Timetabling

Courses are timetabled after a decision has been made for this course concerning its assignment to a timetable module. 

Interrupting a course

The vice-chancellor’s decision concerning regulations for registration, deregistration and reporting results (Dnr LiU-2015-01241) states that interruptions in study are to be recorded in Ladok. Thus, all students who do not participate in a course for which they have registered must record the interruption, such that the registration on the course can be removed. Deregistration from a course is carried out using a web-based form: https://www.lith.liu.se/for-studenter/kurskomplettering?l=en. 

Cancelled courses

Courses with few participants (fewer than 10) may be cancelled or organised in a manner that differs from that stated in the course syllabus. The Dean is to deliberate and decide whether a course is to be cancelled or changed from the course syllabus. 

Guidelines relating to examinations and examiners 

For details, see Guidelines for education and examination for first-cycle and second-cycle education at Linköping University, Dnr LiU-2019-00920 (http://styrdokument.liu.se/Regelsamling/VisaBeslut/917592).

An examiner must be employed as a teacher at LiU according to the LiU Regulations for Appointments, Dnr LiU-2017-03931 (https://styrdokument.liu.se/Regelsamling/VisaBeslut/622784). For courses in second-cycle, the following teachers can be appointed as examiner: Professor (including Adjunct and Visiting Professor), Associate Professor (including Adjunct), Senior Lecturer (including Adjunct and Visiting Senior Lecturer), Research Fellow, or Postdoc. For courses in first-cycle, Assistant Lecturer (including Adjunct and Visiting Assistant Lecturer) can also be appointed as examiner in addition to those listed for second-cycle courses. In exceptional cases, a Part-time Lecturer can also be appointed as an examiner at both first- and second cycle, see Delegation of authority for the Board of Faculty of Science and Engineering.

Forms of examination

Principles for examination

Written and oral examinations and digital and computer-based examinations are held at least three times a year: once immediately after the end of the course, once in August, and once (usually) in one of the re-examination periods. Examinations held at other times are to follow a decision of the board of studies.

Principles for examination scheduling for courses that follow the study periods:

  • courses given in VT1 are examined for the first time in March, with re-examination in June and August
  • courses given in VT2 are examined for the first time in May, with re-examination in August and October
  • courses given in HT1 are examined for the first time in October, with re-examination in January and August
  • courses given in HT2 are examined for the first time in January, with re-examination in March and in August.

The examination schedule is based on the structure of timetable modules, but there may be deviations from this, mainly in the case of courses that are studied and examined for several programmes and in lower grades (i.e. 1 and 2). 

Examinations for courses that the board of studies has decided are to be held in alternate years are held three times during the school year in which the course is given according to the principles stated above.

Examinations for courses that are cancelled or rescheduled such that they are not given in one or several years are held three times during the year that immediately follows the course, with examination scheduling that corresponds to the scheduling that was in force before the course was cancelled or rescheduled.

When a course is given for the last time, the regular examination and two re-examinations will be offered. Thereafter, examinations are phased out by offering three examinations during the following academic year at the same times as the examinations in any substitute course. If there is no substitute course, three examinations will be offered during re-examination periods during the following academic year. Other examination times are decided by the board of studies. In all cases above, the examination is also offered one more time during the academic year after the following, unless the board of studies decides otherwise.

If a course is given during several periods of the year (for programmes, or on different occasions for different programmes) the board or boards of studies determine together the scheduling and frequency of re-examination occasions.

Retakes of other forms of examination

Regulations concerning retakes of other forms of examination than written examinations and digital and computer-based examinations are given in the LiU guidelines for examinations and examiners, http://styrdokument.liu.se/Regelsamling/VisaBeslut/917592.

Registration for examination

Until January 31 2021, the following applies according to previous guidelines: In order to take an written, digital or computer-based examination student must register in advance at the Student Portal during the registration period, which opens 30 days before the date of the examination and closes 10 days before it. Candidates are informed of the location of the examination by email, four days in advance. Students who have not registered for an examination run the risk of being refused admittance to the examination, if space is not available.

From February 1 2021, new guidelines applies for registration for written, digital or computer-based examination, Dnr LiU-2020-02033 (https://styrdokument.liu.se/Regelsamling/VisaBeslut/622682).

Symbols used in the examination registration system:

  ** denotes that the examination is being given for the penultimate time.

  * denotes that the examination is being given for the last time.

Code of conduct for students during examinations

Details are given in a decision in the university’s rule book: http://styrdokument.liu.se/Regelsamling/VisaBeslut/622682.

Retakes for higher grade

Students at the Institute of Technology at LiU have the right to retake written examinations and digital and computer-based examinations in an attempt to achieve a higher grade. This is valid for all examination components with code “TEN”, “DIT” and "DAT". The same right may not be exercised for other examination components, unless otherwise specified in the course syllabus.

A retake is not possible on courses that are included in an issued degree diploma. 

Grades

The grades that are preferably to be used are Fail (U), Pass (3), Pass not without distinction (4) and Pass with distinction (5). 

  • Grades U, 3, 4, 5 are to be awarded for courses that have written or digital examinations.
  • Grades Fail (U) and Pass (G) may be awarded for courses with a large degree of practical components such as laboratory work, project work and group work.
  • Grades Fail (U) and Pass (G) are to be used for degree projects and other independent work.

Examination components

The following examination components and associated module codes are used at the Faculty of Science and Engineering:

  • Grades U, 3, 4, 5 are to be awarded for written examinations (TEN) and digital examinations (DIT).
  • Examination components for which the grades Fail (U) and Pass (G) may be awarded are laboratory work (LAB), project work (PRA), preparatory written examination (KTR), digital preparatory written examination (DIK), oral examination (MUN), computer-based examination (DAT), home assignment (HEM), and assignment (UPG).
  • Students receive grades either Fail (U) or Pass (G) for other examination components in which the examination criteria are satisfied principally through active attendance such as tutorial group (BAS) or examination item (MOM).
  • Grades Fail (U) and Pass (G) are to be used for the examination components Opposition (OPPO) and Attendance at thesis presentation (AUSK) (i.e. part of the degree project).

In general, the following applies:

  • Mandatory course components must be scored and given a module code.
  • Examination components that are not scored, cannot be mandatory. Hence, it is voluntary to participate in these examinations, and the voluntariness must be clearly stated. Additionally, if there are any associated conditions to the examination component, these must be clearly stated as well.
  • For courses with more than one examination component with grades U,3,4,5, it shall be clearly stated how the final grade is weighted.

For mandatory components, the following applies: If special circumstances prevail, and if it is possible with consideration of the nature of the compulsory component, the examiner may decide to replace the compulsory component with another equivalent component. (In accordance with the LiU Guidelines for education and examination for first-cycle and second-cycle education at Linköping University, http://styrdokument.liu.se/Regelsamling/VisaBeslut/917592). 

For written examinations, the following applies: If the LiU coordinator for students with disabilities has granted a student the right to an adapted examination for a written examination in an examination hall, the student has the right to it. If the coordinator has instead recommended for the student an adapted examination or alternative form of examination, the examiner may grant this if the examiner assesses that it is possible, based on consideration of the course objectives. (In accordance with the LiU Guidelines for education and examination for first-cycle and second-cycle education at Linköping University, http://styrdokument.liu.se/Regelsamling/VisaBeslut/917592).

Reporting of examination results

The examination results for a student are reported at the relevant department.

Plagiarism

For examinations that involve the writing of reports, in cases in which it can be assumed that the student has had access to other sources (such as during project work, writing essays, etc.), the material submitted must be prepared in accordance with principles for acceptable practice when referring to sources (references or quotations for which the source is specified) when the text, images, ideas, data, etc. of other people are used. It is also to be made clear whether the author has reused his or her own text, images, ideas, data, etc. from previous examinations, such as degree projects, project reports, etc. (this is sometimes known as “self-plagiarism”).

A failure to specify such sources may be regarded as attempted deception during examination.

Attempts to cheat

In the event of a suspected attempt by a student to cheat during an examination, or when study performance is to be assessed as specified in Chapter 10 of the Higher Education Ordinance, the examiner is to report this to the disciplinary board of the university. Possible consequences for the student are suspension from study and a formal warning. More information is available at https://www.student.liu.se/studenttjanster/lagar-regler-rattigheter?l=en.

Regulations (apply to LiU in its entirety)

The university is a government agency whose operations are regulated by legislation and ordinances, which include the Higher Education Act and the Higher Education Ordinance. In addition to legislation and ordinances, operations are subject to several policy documents. The Linköping University rule book collects currently valid decisions of a regulatory nature taken by the university board, the vice-chancellor and faculty/department boards.

LiU’s rule book for education at first-cycle and second-cycle levels is available at http://styrdokument.liu.se/Regelsamling/Innehall/Utbildning_pa_grund-_och_avancerad_niva. 

Books

(2004) Biofuels for Transport. An International Perspective Paris : OECD Publishing, 2004.

ISBN: 9789264015135

This book is published in 2004, so some of the information may be outdated. However, it contains useful information about the technical basics of biofuel production from several types of biomass (particularly chapter 2).

https://www.cti2000.it/Bionett/All-2004-004%20IEA%20biofuels%20report.pdf

Dominik Rutz & Rainer Janssen, (2008) Biofuel Technology Handbook

http://www.isibang.ac.in/~library/onlinerz/resources/Biofuel_Technology_Handbook_version2_D5.pdf

European Commission, (2015) The impact of biofuels on transport and the environment, and their connection with agricultural development in Europe

ISBN: 9789282363294

The book is ordered by European Commission and provides an overview of biofuels production and consumption and of related policies worldwide. It also contains analysis and discussion of key aspects affecting the overall sustainability of biofuels; including their impact on agricultural markets, emissions from indirect land-use change, and greenhouse gas emissions.

http://dx.doi.org/10.2861/775

Note: The course matrix might contain more information in Swedish.

I = Introduce, U = Teach, A = Utilize
I U A Modules Comment
1. DISCIPLINARY KNOWLEDGE AND REASONING
1.1 Knowledge of underlying mathematics and science (G1X level)
X

                            
1.2 Fundamental engineering knowledge (G1X level)
X

                            
1.3 Further knowledge, methods, and tools in one or several subjects in engineering or natural science (G2X level)
X
X
UPG1

                            
1.4 Advanced knowledge, methods, and tools in one or several subjects in engineering or natural sciences (A1X level)

                            
1.5 Insight into current research and development work

                            
2. PERSONAL AND PROFESSIONAL SKILLS AND ATTRIBUTES
2.1 Analytical reasoning and problem solving
X
PRA1

                            
2.2 Experimentation, investigation, and knowledge discovery
X

                            
2.3 System thinking
X
PRA1
UPG1

                            
2.4 Attitudes, thought, and learning
X

                            
2.5 Ethics, equity, and other responsibilities
X

                            
3. INTERPERSONAL SKILLS: TEAMWORK AND COMMUNICATION
3.1 Teamwork
X
PRA1

                            
3.2 Communications
X
PRA1

                            
3.3 Communication in foreign languages
X
PRA1

                            
4. CONCEIVING, DESIGNING, IMPLEMENTING AND OPERATING SYSTEMS IN THE ENTERPRISE, SOCIETAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONTEXT
4.1 External, societal, and environmental context
X
X
PRA1
UPG1

                            
4.2 Enterprise and business context
X
UPG1

                            
4.3 Conceiving, system engineering and management
X
PRA1
UPG1

                            
4.4 Designing
X
PRA1
UPG1

                            
4.5 Implementing
X
PRA1
UPG1

                            
4.6 Operating
X

                            
5. PLANNING, EXECUTION AND PRESENTATION OF RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS WITH RESPECT TO SCIENTIFIC AND SOCIETAL NEEDS AND REQUIREMENTS
5.1 Societal conditions, including economic, social, and ecological aspects of sustainable development for knowledge development
X
PRA1
UPG1

                            
5.2 Economic conditions for knowledge development
X
PRA1
UPG1

                            
5.3 Identification of needs, structuring and planning of research or development projects
X
PRA1

                            
5.4 Execution of research or development projects
X
PRA1

                            
5.5 Presentation and evaluation of research or development projects
X
PRA1

                            

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